ENDNOTES
1 Foreign Investment Agency - Ministry of Planning and Investment of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (2021), Report on foreign direct investment in the first 7 months of 2021, Appendix IV and V, http://www. mpi.gov.vn/en/Pages/tinbai.aspx?idTin=50983&idcm=122.
2 The Hanoi Times (2021), ‘PM eyes Cai Mep International Terminal to compete with Singapore’, 20 March, http://hanoitimes.vn/pmeyes-cai-mep-international-terminal-to-compete-with-singaporeby-2030-316733.html.
3 Dezan Shira and Associates (2018), ‘China +1: The new face of manufacturing in Vietnam’, Vietnam Briefing, 4 April, https://www. vietnam-briefing.com/news/china1-new-face-manufacturingvietnam.html.
4 Kyle Springer (2020), Australia and Vietnam: An agenda for economic cooperation in an era of geostrategic change, Perth USAsia Centre, October, https://perthusasia.edu.au/getattachment/OurWork/Australia-and-Vietnam-An-agenda-for-economic-coop/PU-177- IPIS-V14-WEB(2).pdf.aspx.
5 ‘Ba Ria-Vung Tau: Destination for investors’ (2016), Provincial Government factsheet.
6 U.S. Energy Information Administration (2020), Vietnam’s latest power development plan focuses on expanding renewable sources, 1 June, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=48176.
7 ‘In Vietnam’s power plants, US finds a counter to China’s belt and road’ (2021), South China Morning Post, 5 February, https://www. scmp.com/week-asia/opinion/article/3120522/vietnams-powerplants-us-finds-counter-chinas-belt-and-road.
8 ‘Ba Ria-Vung Tau: Destination for investors’ (2016), Provincial Government factsheet.
9 U.S. Energy Information Administration (2017), Vietnam: Analysis, https://www.eia.gov/international/analysis/country/VNM.
10 S&P Global Platts (2020), Vietnam’s first LNG terminal Hai Linh to conduct test run late 2020, 10 June, https://www.spglobal.com/ platts/en/market-insights/latest-news/natural-gas/061020-vietnamsfirst-lng-terminal-hai-linh-to-conduct-test-run-late-2020.
11 Bloomberg (2020), GE Signs Agreement to Develop Vietnam LNG Power Plant, 21 November, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/ articles/2020-11-21/ge-signs-agreement-to-develop-vietnam-lngpower-plant.
12 Austrade (2019), Asean LNG to Power: Market Update & Opportunities, 4 October, file:///C:/Users/00087715/AppData/Local/ Temp/Asean_LNG_Power_Market_Update_Opportunities_2019.pdf.
13 Vietnam Economic News (2017), Ba Ria-Vung Tau’s tourism on the rise, 12 September, http://ven.vn/ba-ria-vung-taus-tourism-onthe-rise-28532.html.
14 Vietnam Plus (2021), Ba Ria-Vung Tau protects its valuable marine resources, 22 June, https://en.vietnamplus.vn/ba-ria--vungtau-protects-its-valuable-marine-resources/203432.vnp.
15 Vietnam at the Crossroads (1992), Michael C. Williams. Chatham house Papers, The Royal Institute of International Affairs, London.
16 The Australian Financial Review (1994), ‘BHP in Vietnam venture’, 30 May, https://www.afr.com/companies/bhp-in-vietnam-venture19940530-k5we0.
17 Ibid.
18 Australian Broadcasting Corporation (2003), ‘BHP expands Vietnamese operations’, 18 August, https://www.abc.net.au/ news/2003-08-18/bhp-expands-vietnamese-operation/1465900.
19 Author’s calculations, based on public announcements made in reference to the three major Australian investments in Ba Ria-Vung Tau.
20 Based on author’s discussions with an Australian oil and gas company.
21 Business Times (2019), ‘Vietnam’s US$5b plan to neutralise Trump’s tariff threats,’ 25 September, https://www.businesstimes. com.sg/government-economy/vietnams-us5b-plan-to-neutralisetrumps-tariff-threats.
22 The Center for Strategic and International Studies (2021), ‘The Unlikely, Indispensable U.S.-Vietnam Partnership’, Gregory Poling, Simon Tran Hudes, and Andreyka Natalegawa, July, Washington, DC, https://csis-website-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/ s3fs-public/publication/210706_Poling_USVietnam_Partnership. pdf?LGO812csRRGAwO9TofEcJ4vJb76d1Tk1.
23 Tuoi Tre News (2021), ‘AES accelerates future of energy, economic growth in southern Vietnam’, 23 July, https://tuoitrenews.vn/news/ business/20210723/aes-accelerates-future-of-energy-economicgrowth-in-southern-vietnam/62209.html.
24 Reuters (2020), ‘U.S.-Vietnam JV plans to invest up to $6 billion in LNG power project: CEO’, 22 July, https://www.reuters.com/article/ us-vietnam-usa-energy-idUSKCN24N0MF.
25 ‘Ba Ria-Vung Tau College of Technology’ (2021), https://www. chisholm.edu.au/industry/international-partnerships/vietnam/ba-riavung-tau-college-of-technology.
26 Foreign Investment Agency - Ministry of Planning and Investment of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (2021), Report on foreign direct investment in the first 7 months of 2021, Appendix IV and V, http://www. mpi.gov.vn/en/Pages/tinbai.aspx?idTin=50983&idcm=122.
27 Minister for Trade, Tourism and Investment (2021), ‘Boosting economic opportunities with Vietnam’, https://www.trademinister. gov.au/minister/dan-tehan/media-release/boosting-economicopportunities-vietnam.
28 General Statistics Office (GSO) of Vietnam (2020), Statistical Yearbook of Viet Nam. https://www.gso.gov.vn/en/data-andstatistics/2021/07/statistical-yearbook-of-2020/.
29 ‘Ba Ria-Vung Tau: Destination for investors’ (2016), Provincial Government factsheet.
30 Sources for investment values for Interflour: Farm Weekly (2010), ‘Interflour unveils new Vietnam port facility’, https://www.farmweekly. com.au/story/3782460/interflour-unveils-new-vietnam-portfacility/; Countryman (2010), ‘WA link to port expansion’, https://www. countryman.com.au/countryman/news/wa-link-to-port-expansionng-ya-188500; ABC News (2014), ‘Malt processing plant in Vietnam breaks ground’, https://www.abc.net.au/news/rural/2014-03-14/ construction-of-malt-processing-plant-in-vietnam-begins/5320956. Source for BlueScope: BlueScope – Vietnam (2021),’Where we are’, https://www.bluescope.com/about-us/where-we-are/vietnam/.
31 Viet Nam News (2021), ‘Viet Nam, Australia eye closer ties in economy, trade, investment,’ 13 July, https://vietnamnews.vn/politicslaws/992076/viet-nam-australia-eye-closer-ties-in-economy-tradeinvestment.html.
32 Minister for Trade, Tourism and Investment (2021), ‘Boosting economic opportunities with Vietnam’, https://www.trademinister. gov.au/minister/dan-tehan/media-release/boosting-economicopportunities-vietnam.
33 Minister for Trade, Tourism and Investment (2021), ‘Reforms to Export Finance Australia’, https://www.trademinister.gov.au/minister/ dan-tehan/media-release/reforms-export-finance-australia.